Gasca din Liceu

1. Present Simple

Affirmative: Subject + verb (-s/-es → he, she, it) + complement

I drink coffee everyday.

She goes swimming weekly.

Negative: Subject + don’t / doesn’t + verb + complement

I don’t drink coffee everyday.

She doesn’t go swimming .

Interrogative: Do/ Does + Subject + verb + complement?

Do you drink coffee everyday?

Does she drink coffee everyday?

Cand folosim Present Simple?

→ obiceiuri/ rutina ( cu always/ usually/ everyday etc.)

He usually goes to the market on Mondays.

→ adevaruri general valabile/ stiintifice

Water freezes at 0 degrees.

→ preferinte personale (cu love, hate, like, dislike)

I love Barcelona. It’s a beautiful city!

→ comentarii sportive, retete, recenzii

Beckham wins the ball, crosses and Owen scores!

→ orare (cu valoare de viitor)

His train arrives at six o’clock next Tuesday.

Folosit cu : usually, often, seldom, always, never, every day/week/month/year, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night/weekend, on Fridays etc.

2. Present Continuous

Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + verb - ing + complement

I am writing at the moment .

He is reading now.

Negative: Subject + am/is/are + not + verb- ing + complement

I am not writing at the moment.

He is not reading now.

Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + Subject + verb -ing + complement?

Are you writing at the moment?

Is he reading now?

Cand folosim Present Continuous?

→ pentru actiuni care se desfasoara in momentul vorbirii

Mary is doing the washing up.

→ actiuni temporare

We are decorating the living room this week.

→ situatii in desfasurare/ schimbare

The air is becoming more and more polluted.

→ planuri de viitor stabilite/concrete

I’m going out with Tony tonight.

→ obiceiuri enervante

She is always biting her nails. So annoying!

Folosit cu: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowadays, today, tonight, etc.

3. Present Perfect

Affirmative: Subject + have/has + past participle + complement

I have been to Portugal once.

She has lived here for the last 7 years.

Negative : Subject + have/has + not +past participle +complement

I have not been to Portugal .

She has not lived here ….

*haven’t / hasn’t

Interrogative: Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle + complement?

Have you been to Portugal?

Has she lived here for the last 7 years ?

Cand folosim Present Perfect?

→ o actiune petrecuta in trecut, dar care nu are timpul specificat (accentul cade pe actiune, timpul fiind neimportant sau necunoscut)

I have washed the dishes.

→ actiune care incepe in trecut si continua pana in prezent

I have known Bill for ten years.

→ o actiune finalizata recent

I have just finished dinner.

→ experiente personale

She has put on weight.

Folosim cu: for, since, already, always, just, ever, never, so far, lately, recently etc.

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Affirmative: Subject + have/has + been + verb-ing + complement

I have been washing dishes all morning.

She has been reading for 3 hours.

Negative: Subject +haven’t/hasn’t +been +verb-ing +complement

I haven’t been washing dishes all morning.

She hasn’t been reading for 3 hours.

Interrogative: Have/ Has+ Subject+ been + verb-ing +complement

Have you been washing dishes all morning?

Has she been reading for 3 hours.

Cand folosim Present Perfect Continuous?

→ cand accentul cade pe durata actiunii care incepe in trecut si continua pana in prezent

He has been painting the walls all morning.

→ actiune inceputa in trecut care continua pana in prezent, a carui rezultat este vizibil in prezent

He is tired because he has been working since 10 o’clock in the morning.

→ actiune enervanta/iritanta

He has been reading my newspaper without asking me.

5. Past Simple

Affirmative: Subject + verb (2^nd form for irregular verbs/ -ed for regular verbs)

I ate a cookie yesterday morning.

She laughed at my joke.

Negative: Subject+ didn’t + verb (infinitive) +complement

I didn’t eat a cookie yesterday.

She didn’t laugh at my joke.

Interrogative: Did+ subject+ verb (infinitive)+ complement?

Did you eat a cookie yesterday?

Did she laugh at your joke?

Cand folosim Past Simple?

→ actiune petrecuta in trecut , cu timpul specificat

He posted the invitation yesterday.

→ actiuni trecute consecutive

She locked the door and headed for her car.

→ obiceiuri trecute

Mr. Smith worked as a gardener in the past.

Folosit cu: yesterday, last week/month/year , then, when , three days ago, in 1997 etc.

6. Past Continuous

Affirmative: Subject+ was/were+ verb-ing + complement

I was sleeping when you came home.

They were playing in their room.

Negative: Subject+ wasn’t/weren’t+ verb-ing + complement

I wasn’t sleeping when you came home.

They weren’t playing in their room.

Interrogative: Was/Were+ subject+ verb-ing+ complement?

Was I sleeping when you came home?

Were they playing in their room?

Cand folosim Past Continuous?

→ actiune din trecut in desfasurare

At 8”clock yesterday I was having dinner with Mark.

→ cand o actiune din trecut se afla in desfasurare si este intrerupta de o alta actiune. Utilizam Past Continuous pentru actiunea in desfasurare si Past Simple pentru actiunea care o intrerupe.

We were swimming when it started to rain.

–> doua actiuni care se intampla in acelasi timp in trecut

Bill was watching TV in the living room while Tony was having a shower.

→ pentru a descrie atmosfera, actiunea de fundal a unei povesti

The birds were singing and the sun was shining and we were walking towards the cabin.

Folosim cu: while, when, all morning/evening/day/ week etc.

7. Past Perfect

Affirmative: Subject+ had+ Past Participle+ complement

I had seen him before.